Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent Shunt (TIPSS)
Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent Shunt (TIPSS) is a minimally invasive procedure designed to address portal hypertension, a condition marked by elevated pressure in the portal vein. This guide provides a detailed overview of TIPSS, covering its types, benefits, reasons for undergoing the procedure, risks, preparation, the procedure itself, aftercare, and associated costs.
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Types of TIPSS:
There are two main types of TIPSS:
Balloon-Expandable Stents: Made of metal mesh, these stents are inserted into the portal vein through a catheter and expanded with a balloon to open up narrowed or blocked areas.
Self-Expanding Stents: Composed of nitinol, these stents expand automatically when deployed in the portal vein, eliminating the need for a balloon catheter.
Benefits of TIPSS:
- Reduced risk of bleeding from varices.
- Improved quality of life for patients with severe portal hypertension symptoms.
- Decreased risk of complications associated with cirrhosis, such as ascites and hepatic encephalopathy.
- Minimally invasive procedure, eliminating the need for open incisions or general anesthesia.
Why TIPSS is Done:
TIPSS creates an alternative path for blood flow, relieving pressure in the portal vein. This procedure is performed to treat symptoms of portal hypertension, prevent complications, and enhance liver function.
Risks of TIPSS:
Common risks include bleeding, infection, and stent blockage. Other potential risks involve bile leakage, organ damage, and, rarely, death due to complications related to TIPSS.
Preparation for TIPSS:
Steps include stopping medications that increase bleeding risk, fasting, avoiding alcohol, adjusting insulin for diabetics, and informing the doctor about allergies or medical conditions. Patients should arrange for transportation home after the procedure.
Procedure Steps:
- Proper hydration of the patient.
- Administration of anticoagulants to prevent clotting.
- Ultrasound and chest X-ray to assess liver size and identify blockages.
- Guidewire insertion through the jugular vein into the portal vein.
- Stent placement to create a shunt between hepatic and portal veins.
- Imaging confirmation of stent placement.
- Securing the stent with metal clips or sutures.
Recovery After TIPSS:
- Monitor vital signs and laboratory results.
- Watch for signs of bleeding, infection, or hepatic encephalopathy.
- Administer prescribed medications.
- Encourage follow-up visits and prompt reporting of any changes in symptoms.
- Cost of TIPSS in India:
- The cost ranges from 1500 USD to 2500 USD varying by hospital and case specifics.
Diet After TIPSS:
Include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, low-fat dairy, healthy fats, and maintain hydration. Avoid alcohol to prevent increased portal vein pressure.
Safety of TIPSS:
Considered safe when performed by experienced specialists. Complications, such as hepatic encephalopathy, can be managed with careful monitoring.
Pain During TIPSS:
Generally not painful, as it involves local anesthesia and sedation. Some discomfort may occur during or after the procedure.
Recovery Time:
Varies, but allowing at least two weeks for rest is advisable.
Side Effects:
Common side effects include bleeding, infection, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Severe complications are rare.
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Aftercare:
Regular follow-up appointments, monitoring for signs of complications, low-sodium diet, limited fluid intake, and avoidance of strenuous activities.
Conclusion:
TIPSS is an effective and minimally invasive procedure for treating portal hypertension. While it carries some risks, careful monitoring and follow-up can help manage potential complications. Patients should be well-informed about the procedure and adhere to postoperative care instructions for optimal outcomes.
Most Asked Questions
- Q: What conditions does TIPSS treat?
A: Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Stent Shunt (TIPSS) is primarily used to address portal hypertension, associated with complications like bleeding varices, ascites, and hepatic encephalopathy.
- Q: How long does the TIPSS procedure take?
A: The duration of the TIPSS procedure can vary, but it generally takes a few hours. Patients are typically advised to allow at least two weeks for rest and recovery afterward.
- Q: Is TIPSS a painful procedure?
A: TIPSS is generally not considered painful, as it involves local anesthesia and sedation. Some patients may experience mild discomfort during the procedure or afterward due to the insertion of the catheter.
- Q: What are the common side effects of TIPSS?
A: Common side effects include bleeding, infection, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and fever. Severe complications are rare but may include bile duct injury, portal vein thrombosis, or hepatic encephalopathy.
- Q: How soon can a patient resume normal activities after TIPSS?
A: The recovery time varies, but patients are generally advised to allow at least two weeks for rest. Strenuous activities should be avoided during this period to ensure proper healing.
- Q: What is the cost of TIPSS in India?
A: The cost of TIPSS in India can range from 1500 USD to 2500 USD, depending on the hospital and individual case specifics. It’s advisable to check with healthcare providers for accurate cost estimates.
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Max Super Specialist Hospital Saket
Number of beds: 500
ICU Beds: 267
Airport Distance: 13 KM
About Hospital:
- Max Super Speciality Hospital at Saket is one of the topmost healthcare service
- Providers in India. The multi-super speciality hospital has a capacity of over 500 beds, 250 functional beds. It is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities, advanced technologies.
- With the help of over 300 leading specialist Doctors, strong nursing staff, and state-of-the-art innovative medical tools.
Fortis Memorial Research Institute
Number of beds: 1000
ICU Beds: 298
Airport Distance: 17 KMs
Brief About:
- Fortis Memorial Research Institute was established in 2001.
- It is an outstanding multi-speciality quaternary care hospital,having the top-notch infrastructure, advanced equipment, highly qualified and experienced medical professionals and super sub-specialists.
- Fortis Hosptial Gurgaon is an advanced centre of excellence in Robotic Surgery, Neurosciences, Oncology, Renal Sciences, BMT, Organ Transplants, Orthopaedics, Cardiac Sciences and Obstetrics & Gynaecology.
Artemis Hospital Gurgaon
Number of beds: 600
ICU Beds: 185
Airport Distance: 19 Km
Brief About:
- Artemis Hospital, established in 2007, spread across 9 acres, is a 600plus bed; state-of-the-art multi-speciality hospital located in Gurgaon, India.
- Artemis Hospital is the first JCI and NABH accredited hospital in Gurgaon.
- Designed as one of the most advanced hospitals in India, Artemis provides a depth of expertise in the spectrum of advanced medical & surgical interventions, a comprehensive mix of inpatient and outpatient services.
Manipal Hospital Delhi
Number of beds: 380
ICU Beds: 118
Airport Distance: 8 Km
About Hospital:
- Manipal Hospital Dwarka is a prominent multi-speciality and quaternary care providing hospital with first-rate healthcare services and integrated facilities.
- The world-class medical centre is a part of Manipal Education and Medical Group (MEMG), one of India’s forerunner healthcare groups.
- The group started with one flagship hospital in 1991 and now has bloomed into a network of 15 hospitals with a significant presence in Malaysia.
Indraprastha Apollo Hospital
No. of beds: 900
ICU Beds: 262
Airport: 20kms
Brief About:
- Indraprastha Apollo Hospital is a flagship hospital of India’s foremost healthcare groups,the Apollo Group. It is a highly renowned multi-speciality facility that offers tertiary and quaternary care services to domestic and international patients.
- The 900 bedded hospital is outfitted with the most modern technology for diagnostics as well as therapeutic purposes.
- A team of highly trained medical professionals work under all the 52 specialities at the hospital.
Medanta The Medicity Hospital
Number of beds: 1250
ICU Beds: 300
Airport Distance: 18 KMs
Brief About:
- Medanta – The Medicity is amongst India’s largest and most renowned multi-super speciality healthcare centre with 1250 beds, 29 super speciality units and more than 800 accomplished doctors.
- Supported by state-of-art infrastructure, all the departments in the hospital are fully equipped with cutting-edge technology, modular Operation Theatre and modernized monitoring systems in ICUs.
- The panel of doctors from Medanta, headed by A.S.Soin performed the first successful intestinal transplant in India.
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BLK-Max Hospital
Number of beds: 700
ICU Beds: 175
Airport Distance: 13 Km
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- BLK Super Speciality Hospital was established by Dr. B.L. Kapur in 1959. It was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru.
- BLK Super Speciality Hospital was established by Dr. B.L. Kapur in 1959. It was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru.
- BLK has a unique combination of the best in class technology, put to use by the best names in the professional circles to ensure world-class health care to all patients.
Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Centre
Number of beds: 450
ICU Beds: 130
Airport Distance: 8 KMs
About Hospital:
- Dr. Rela Institute & Medical Centre was established under the leadership of Prof. Mohamed Rela, a world-renowned surgeon in the field of Liver Surgery and Transplantation.
- Dr. Rela made a world-record by performing a Liver Transplantation on a 5-day old baby and made his name in the Guinness Book of Records.
- Dr. Mohamed Rela, who has performed more than 4000 liver transplant surgeries.
Manipal Hospital Bangalore
Number of beds: 600
ICU Beds: 124
Airport Distance: 18 KMs
About Hospital:
- Established in the year 1991. Manipal Hospital HAL Airport Road is a multi-specialty hospital.
- The hospital has 600 in-patient beds. The NABH and NABL accredited facility is among the top 10 multispecialty hospitals in India.
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Aster CMI Hospital Bangalore
Number of beds: 500
ICU Beds: 50
Airport Distance: 27 KMs
About Hospital:
- Aster CMI hospital was established in 2014, from a single medical centre to a performance driven healthcare enterprise, spread across 320 establishments in 9 countries.
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Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital
Number of beds: 750
ICU Beds: 180
Airport Distance: 8 KMs
About Hospital:
- Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital is a top-class multi-specialty tertiary care hospital with a capacity of 750 inpatient beds.
- The hospital has a large number of ICU beds in Mumbai, with 180 ICU beds and 240 independent clinics,having the capacity to deal with over 9,000 outpatient consultations every day.
- The hospital prides itself for having a Full Time Specialist System which ensures easy access and comprehensive use of resources to various specialists .
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